Political Science – Eyes on the Prize Submission

On August 28, 1955, Emmet Tils dead body was found lying in the river. Two local men were arrested and aerated with murder. This was a significant planet during the 50s be try it was very rare that a swarthy military personnel could press charges on a blank person. Mose Wright was the uncle of Emmet Til. He said that the two men came to his door and asked if he had 2 boys from Chicago. They did this because front on, Emmet had walked into a store and said bye baby to a vacuous woman. This was considered talking fresh. Emmet didnt know any better because he was from up north.His body was found maliciously beaten and it was barely recogniz competent. Emmets exploit insisted on the body being shipped back up north for an give casket funeral. The picture of his casket was published in Jet Magazine. Roy Bryandt and the girls brother-in-law were the ones arrested for committing this stately crime. During the court case the grims were forced to sit to drawher and away from every one else. It took the posting one hour to get hold these men not guilty. Martin Luther King, jr. was asked to gallery the boycott and capital of atomic number 13 Improvement friendship.Coretta Scott King, MLKs wife, testifies that he was weary at commencement of accepting this position because he wasnt incontestable if he was qualified enough. He was a new minister and a young man. He in the retentive run came to the conclusion that if no one else would do it, he would accept the position. handle the members of the Montgomery Improvement Association were on a bus ride, shots were dismissed at them. Martin Luther King, jr. and ED Nixons houses were both bombed. The Montgomery Improvement Association in any case headed the bus boycotts. crowd together Meredith was a young scorch man that applied to a University in disseminated multiple sclerosis.Medgar Evars was the head of the Mississippi State NAACP and counseled James Meredith through this troubling cartridge clip. After a long fight, the court g everyplacen James Meredith must be accepted. (He was of course qualified. ) On folk 20th, regulator Barnett personally flew up to the University of Mississippi and turned James away. On September 25th, James tried to register at the Jackson location and again, governor Barnett was waiting and also blocked the door entrance so Meredith could not even enter. On Saturday the 29th, Ross Barnett had an engagement to attend to. He was the half time intercommunicateer at a football game.On Sunday, September 30th, light speed US marshals were sent to help James Meredith register. President Kennedy was to make a speech in the state of Mississippi also. At 800 Mississippi University turned into a battlefield and no one even heard the Presidents speech. The mob targeted the media but the marshals were instructed not to use guns. 35 marshals ended up being shot and 2 battalion were killed. James Meredith finally registered at a private office in Oxford and contested this Ive been living a lonely life for a long time. Brown v. Board of Education ruled segregated works were unconstitutional at a lower place the 14th amendment.NAACP shut down schools in Alabama due to w knocke violent resistance. Aubrey Lucy was a black female and went to a albumin college. Riots caused the board to suspend her temporarily. She ended up being expelled. President Eisenhower thought this of the integration of schools, Too much, too fast. The desegregation of schools and getting whites to comply with it got so pernicious that in Little Rock, Arkansas national guards had to be brought in to prevent the peace. Central High School in Arkansas save admitted white students. 8 blacks went to register on the first day, accompanied by their parents.The interior(a) Guard turned these students away as their presence would surely cause a riot. Seven of the eight black kids had made arrangements to walk to school together. Elisabeth Eckford had not heard of th is arrangement. She walked alone to school and met a mob. She would not speak to the press at all. She sit down on a bench, shocked, amazed and afraid. The first peaceful go to occurred in Nashville, Tennessee. adept day, black students entered the dining car and sit at the counter where they were not allowed. They sat there and did homework, talked, and would not leave until they were served.A recollected memory from one of the black women at the sit-in is that of a white waitress who repeatedly kept dropping dishes. She was so frightened that she just dropped one dish after another(prenominal). Once black students were tired of sitting, others would come in their place. This went on for 3 weeks. 80 demonstrators were arrested and charged with unorderly balk. After this, the blacks decided to not buy from down townsfolk. After 1 calendar month the boycott closed a lot of stores down town. Blacks who worked down town were struck by random acts of violence. A car struck Z. hors e parsley Lubees house.He was a man who defended the protesting students. 147 windows in the medical college across the driveway were shattered because it was so loud. Freedom rides were bus rides in which interracial passengers sat backwards and drove through the s step to the foreh. For example, the blacks would sit in the front and the whites in the back. They wanted to create a crisis so the government would react and practice the law. The first freedom ride was on May 1st 1961. 7 whites and 6 blacks were to be the first freedom riders in Washington D. C. The nighttime before the ride they all sat down to have dinner.One freedom rider recalls that it was kind of like The Last Supper. More and to a greater extent freedom rides move and on the first occasion, mobs firebombed the bus and blocked the exit. 12 riders were hospitalized and the bus was of course destroyed. Gov. John Patterson of AL said, Stay home, fools The FBI had information that the busses were leaving to be attacked but did nothing. Patterson refused to provide protection for these riders. 40 miles away from Montgomery there was no protection for these riders. MLK telephoned Kennedy to tell of the violence. Patterson then said he couldnt guarantee the safety of MLK jr.George C. Wallace was the governor of Montgomery Alabama in 1963. He was strict, severe, a segregationist, and a racist. He was closely affiliated with Eugene mother fucker Connor. Bull Connor was a KKK member and the commissioner of public safety in Alabama at the time. Also, during this time the freedom riders were attacked on Mothers day. quite a little looked upon it as these students ruin mothers day and disgraced them or some nonsense like that. SNCC (Student peaceable Coordinating Committee) and SCLC (Southern Christ Leadership Council) were two student groups that fought for civil rights.These two organizations at one time spawned a rivalry for one another because SNCC supposedly wanted more attention. Durin g the times of these organizations was a movement called The capital of New York Movement. In conjunction with the Albany Movement 500 battalion were jailed. Laurie Pritchett was the read/write head of police in Albany at that time. He made sure that the jails would not fill up from the mass arrests that were being made. He stuffed 65 concourse in a cell built to hold only 10. Arrested persons were also sent to jails in other towns to make sure there was enough room for all.In July 1962, MLK jr. as sentenced to 40 days in jail. He was however, released 3 days later. His bond was paid at Pritchetts request. The Albany Movement continued on without MLK Jr. for the time being. MKL Jr. was depressed at the fact that Albany was still segregated. Bull Connor also tried to run for mayor in this time but lost. The SCLC unionised working class c confrontation. The headquarters would be at 16th passage Baptist church service. The goal was for demonstrations to target 3 main stores d own town. 21 people were arrested the first day in Birmingham. Also, during this time there were 2 mayors and 2 governments in Alabama.One government would just not leave. This was a study cause of the unorderly conduct in Alabama. Connor remained head of police in Birmingham AL. Demonstrations continued and badly affected businesses. Courts finally request the demonstrations to stop. MLK Jr. along with SCLC planed the trice phase of project C in room 30 at the Gaston Motel. Children led phase 2. They were kept out of school and told to go and protest/demonstrate. Connor brought in police dogs and turned fire hoses on the kids. Finally, the jails filled up and there was an agreed one-day of truce.Friday May 10, 38 days after project C, The Birmingham agreement was made. After this, police still beat blacks and blacks in turn rioted. The March in Washington had 200,000 people show up. It went from the Washington memorial to the Lincoln Memorial. Some speakers even rewrote their s peeches as not to ruin Kennedys proposal. MLK Jr. gave his Let Freedom Ring speech and was from this point on seen as the true leader of the movement. On September 15th, the 16th street Baptist Church was bombed and temporarily halted the project. 15 were injured and 4 kids were killed.The freedom summer in Mississippi was a basic invasion. It was degestural to open up Mississippi. People risked beatings, arrests, and their lives. William J. Simmons of the White Citizens Council wanted to protect the white way of life. The Citizens Council unconnected integration. Ross Barnett, a racist, went so far as to foreclose mortgages and punish whites that went against him. He denied loans and passed white-only laws. Blacks outnumbered whites 4-1 in some counties. 1961 was the last of the freedom rides and the end of Freedom Summer. Medgar Evars traveled to Mississippi to help organize the boycott on Capital Street.Hundreds were arrested for meeting in the demonstration. After Kennedys str ongest speech on civil rights in 1963, Medgar Evars was shot in the back in his own driveway after getting out of his car. The wife and kids were inside and as soon as they heard gunshots, hit the floor, as previously rehearsed. His wife came out shortly after to find her husband dead. It was concluded that a member of the White Citizens Council shot Medgar Evars. in that location were 3 men, Goodman, Chaney, and Schreoner, which drove to investigate the burning of a black Methodist Church.At around 3 Oclock their blue Ford station coaster wagon stopped outside Philadelphia by the sheriff, Ceasil Price. They were released at 10pm but that was the last anyone saying of them. They disappeared and Johnson issued a search and FBI involvement. Hoover of the FBI said he wouldnt protect people and that it was a matter to be dealt with by local authorities. 6 weeks later the bodies were found and Chaney, the only black man in the group, had a fractured skull. Dave Dennis of center of at tention blames the people who act this crime just as much as those in Washington for not supporting or enforcing their laws.Everyone knew the men who committed this crime would be found not guilty because they were white. During this time 80 arrests were made and thousands of arrests were made. After this, President Lyndon B. Johnson signed the 1964 Civil Rights Act. SNCC opened 41 freedom schools in Mississippi. Whites were now teaching blacks and living in black homes. Civil rights workers invaded the state. As soon as the Voting Rights Act of 1965 was signed blacks lined up to register to vote. They were told to move to the sidewalk. Less than 1% of blacks were able to register to vote.Sheriff Jim Clark arrested Amelia Bointon, a highly respected community leader during this time. This caused cv teachers to protest down at the courthouse (Teachers March). This occurred in Selma, AL. Clark was confronted in the courthouse about his heinousness towards blacks. He said he didnt kn ow what they were talking about. The Selma to Montgomery march was a response to Jimmy Lee Jacksons death. A state state trooper shot Jimmy because he wanted to protect his mother. Marchers were beaten. One white that marched with the blacks was badly injured.He was told there were no doctors for people like him. SCLC opposed the march but 600 people gathered to march anyway. The marchers crossed over the Edmund Pettus Bridge and there were state troopers waiting for them on the other side. The marchers were ordered by Wallace to stop or brutality and tear gas would be enforced. MLK Jr. asked if they could sit down and pray, which they did. He then ordered the marchers to get up and turn around to avoid the fight. SNCC called this turn around a sell-out. Stokly Carmichael of SNCC withdrew from the Selma Campaign.